CategoriesMSME SBC

Complying with MSME Vendor Regulations in India

Complying with MSME Vendor Regulations in India

Home > Complying with MSME Vendor Regulations in India

Complying with MSME Vendor Regulations in India

MSME Vendor Compliance Overview

 

Timely Payment (Section 15, MSMED Act)

  • Pay within 45 days from acceptance of goods/services or agreed date.
  • Delayed payments attract 3x RBI bank rate interest (compound, monthly rests).
  • Non-deductible interest under Income Tax Act.

MSME Form I Filing (MCA Order, 2019)

 

What is it?

A form that companies must file if they haven’t paid MSMEs within 45 days.

Who needs to file?

Any company that buys from MSMEs and delays payment.

When to file?

For April–September → by October 31

For October–March → by April 30

What information is needed?
  • Supplier Name and PAN details
  • To which suppliers the payment was made within 45 days, paid after 45 days
  • To which supplier the payment is outstanding for 45 days or less, outstanding for 45 days or more.
  • Reason for the delay.

MSME Form-1 Filing Process

 

MSME Form-1 Filing Process

Verify MSME Status

  • Check Udyam Registration Number to confirm Micro/Small/Medium status. (Generally
  • mentioned in the invoice of the Vendor)
  • Maintain vendor database for
  • compliance tracking.

Penalties for Not Filing

 
What happens if you don’t file?
  • Fine up to ₹20,000, applicable to company and every officer in default
  • In case of ongoing non-compliance, an additional fine of ₹1,000 per day is imposed on both the company and every officer in default subject to a maximum limit of ₹3L.

MSME Vendor Compliance Overview

 
Annual Disclosures (Section 22, MSMED Act)
  • Report unpaid MSME dues, interest, and delay reasons in Board’s Report/Financial Statements.
  • Ensure accurate records for audit compliance.

Dispute Resolution (MSEFC)

  • Refer payment disputes to Micro and Small Enterprises Facilitation Council (MSEFC).
  • Resolution within 90 days; appeals require 75% deposit of awarded amount.

Other Compliances

  • TDS: Deduct applicable TDS as per Income Tax Act.
  • GST: Ensure proper invoicing and timely returns for MSME vendors.
  • RBI: Report MSME dues to banks for credit monitoring.

Best Practices

  • Track payments to clear dues within 45 days.
  • File MSME Form I on time via MCA portal.
  • Engage professionals (CA/CS) for compliance.
  • Build strong vendor relationships through timely payments.
CategoriesGST SBC

Year-end GST Checklist Steps to Smooth Transition

Year-end GST Checklist Steps to Smooth Transition

Home > Year-end GST Checklist Steps to Smooth Transition

Year-end GST Checklist Steps to Smooth Transition

As FY 2024-25 ends, ensure a seamless transition to FY 2025-26 with these essential GST tasks.

I. Outward Supplies: Get Your Records in Order

  • Reconcile GSTR 1 with GSTR 3B & GST Returns with Books of accounts and rectify any mismatches between books and filed returns.
  • Reconciliation of “E-Invoice and E-way bills” generated with actual sales
  • Check applicability of E-Invoice
  • From February 2025, reporting 6-digit HSN codes via dropdown is mandatory, as manual entry is disabled. The HSN master description will auto-fill the “Description as per HSN Code” field.
  • Ensure shipping bill details for the export of goods with payment of tax are correctly entered in GSTR-1 and transmitted to the ICEGATE portal for IGST refund claims.
  • Ensure all credit/debit notes are issued and reported in GSTR-1
  • Ensure tax liability against receipt of advances (services) and adjustment thereof to derive at unadjusted advances
  • Ensure correct bifurcation of B2B and B2C transactions in GSTR-1
  • In case of the export of goods/services without payment of tax, make sure to file application for LUT for FY 2025-26 on or before 31st March 2025.
  • Check tax compliance on branch/stock transfers
  • Ensure correct reporting of Taxable, Exempt, Non-GST and Nil-rated supplies
  • Verify if any corrections/amendments in invoices or details are required

II. Input Tax Credit (ITC) & RCM

1.Reconciliation of Input Tax Credit (ITC) as per Books and GSTR 3B:

While filing GSTR-3B as per Circular 170 of CGST Act and claiming ITC recorded in books and matched with GSTR-2B, it is essential to verify any discrepancies at the year end, such as:

  • ITC matched with GSTR 2B but missed to claim in GSTR-3B
  • ITC reversed in Table of Permanent Reversal [4(B)(2)] instead of Temporary Reversal [4(B)(1)] in GSTR 3B
  • RCM ITC wrongly reported in Regular ITC
  • Interchange claims of SGST /CGST as IGST and vice versa, etc

Note: Any such correction/ claim shall be made up to the October month return filed by 30th November of the subsequent Financial Year or filing of annual return, whichever is earlier.

2. Other Important points to check under ITC are:

Other Important points to check under ITC

Note: Rule 37 – Check for ITC reversal required on account of non-payment to vendors within 180 days or reclaim of any ITC in respect of supplies for which payment has been made.

3. Reverse Charge Mechanism (RCM):

Reconcile expenses attracting RCM with amounts reported in GSTR-3B and books.

Ensure GST is paid on RCM basis for imports of goods/services.

Claim eligible ITC in GSTR-3B by November 30th of the following financial year or before filing of the annual return, whichever is earlier.

Ensure correct reporting, payment and claiming of RCM in GSTR-3B.

III. Rule 96A Compliance (Exports under LUT/Bond)

1. Goods must be exported within 3 months from the invoice date.

2. Payment for export of services must be received in convertible foreign exchange/INR (as per RBI) within 1 year [or the period allowed under FEMA (9 months), including extensions] from the invoice date.

3. Regularly review compliance for each invoice; ensure no defaults before Financial Year ends.

4. Refund Timeline-

Refund applications must be filed within 2 years from the relevant date as per the act.

It may be noted that it is a regular activity to ensure that the refund is claimed periodically.

However, we shall check the same at the end of FY to plug any gap and apply for refund without any default.

IV. Other Compliances

  • If the conditions of Rule 86B are met, ensure that at least 1% of the total tax liability is paid in cash.
  • Obtain declarations from vendors exceeding the prescribed aggregate turnover threshold but exempt from e-invoicing under clause (s) of Rule 46.
  • Check for any GST TDS/TCS credit available on our GST Portal and claim the same after checking its authenticity from the books of accounts
  • Ensure registered persons with turnover up to ₹5 Cr opt in/out of the QRMP Scheme on time for seamless tax compliance
  • If opted for the Composition Scheme for FY 2025-26, ensure Form CMP-02 is filed by March 31, 2025.

Note:

1. Check whether the material sent for job work has been returned within the prescribed time limit (i.e. for Inputs – 1 year and for Capital goods – 3 years) and whether the same has been duly reported in ITC 04.

2. Ensure that goods sent on an approval basis are either returned within six months or sold with the issuance of a tax invoice to comply with regulations.

V. Credit Note Declaration Compliance

As per reference vide Circular No.-212/6/2024-GST-

Ensure that if the discount given by the supplier to a recipient through tax credit notes in a Financial Year exceeds ₹5,00,000/-, then the supplier must obtain a CA/CMA certificate from the recipient confirming ITC reversal.

If the discount given by the supplier to a recipient through tax credit notes in a Financial Year is up to ₹5,00,000, a self-declaration from the recipient is sufficient.

Note: To avoid a last-minute rush during assessments, it is advisable to maintain these documents for scrutiny, audit, or investigation.

VI. Input Service Distributor (ISD) Registration Requirement

(Effective from 01 April 2025)

Applicability

  • Any office of a supplier of goods or services or both that receives tax invoices for input services on behalf of distinct persons under Section 25.
  • It also includes invoices subject to reverse charge tax.

Mandatory Registration

  • Entities meeting the above criteria must register as an ISD under GST.
  • The ISD will distribute Input Tax Credit (ITC) in respect of such invoices to the respective recipients.

Action Required

  • Identify such offices/ entities on or before 31st March 2025.
  • Apply for ISD registration to comply with the new mandate.
  • This ensures proper ITC distribution and compliance with GST laws.

VII. The Hotel Industry!

Two major notifications were issued on 16th January 2025, impacting GST compliance for hotels and restaurants from 1st April 2025. Key changes as per notification no. are as follows-

Notification No. 05/2025 – CT (Rate)

Introduction of the “Specified Premises” concept (Hotels with high-value accommodations).

Removal of the “Declared Tariff” concept (Earlier tariff-based taxation is removed).

Mandatory Opt-In/Opt-Out Declaration before 31st March 2025.

Notification No. 08/2025 – CT (Rate)

E-Commerce Operators (like Swiggy, Zomato) will no longer be liable to pay GST on restaurant services provided in “Specified Premises”.

GST liability will now shift to restaurant owners, and they must pay 18% GST with Input Tax Credit (ITC) benefits.

Note-

What are “Specified Premises”?

1. Any hotel or restaurant where room rent exceeded ₹7500 per day in the previous financial year.

2. Any new hotel registering as a Specified Premises must file an Opt-In form (Annexure VII, VIII, IX).

Revised GST Rates from 1st April 2025

  • Standalone Restaurants (Not attached to any hotel) – 5% GST (No ITC)
  • Restaurants in Specified Premises (₹7500+ per day hotel rooms – 18% GST (ITC allowed)
  • Restaurants in hotels with room rent below ₹7500 per day – 5% GST (No ITC)

Important Notes:

  • Hotels falling under “Specified Premises” must file Opt-In Declaration (Annexure VII) before 31st March 2025.
  • New GST registrations must file Annexure VIII within 15 days of ARN generation.
  • For opting out, hotels/restaurants must file Annexure IX
  • Once an option is selected, it cannot be changed for the financial year unless an Opt-Out Declaration is filed.
CategoriesSBC

US Reciprocal Tariffs 2025

US Reciprocal Tariffs 2025

Home > US Reciprocal Tariffs 2025

US Reciprocal Tariffs 2025

1. Background

On April 2, 2025, the United States government introduced sweeping reciprocal tariffs on global imports. Effective April 5, a 10% blanket duty came into effect, followed by country- specific rates from April 9. India now faces a 27% tariff, while countries like China (34%) and Vietnam (46%) are subject to even steeper rates. This aggressive tariff regime marks a strategic shift in US trade policy, aimed at protecting domestic industry and correcting perceived trade imbalances.

2. Rationale Behind the US Tariffs

The US government justifies the move based on long-standing trade asymmetries:

India’s high tariff rates on key US exports (e.g., autos, agricultural products, digital hardware).

Non-tariff barriers including complex regulations, product approvals, and customs procedures.

Key Comparisons Highlighted by the US:

Passenger Vehicles: US duty = 2.5%, India = 70%

Apples: US = 0%, India = 50%

Rice in Husk: US <3%, India = 80%

Routers & Switches: US = 0%, India = 10–20%

These disparities have led the US to argue that if trade barriers are reduced, its exports to India could increase by over USD 5 billion annually.

3. Structure and Scope of Tariffs

The US Executive Order splits tariff implementation into two stages: Stage 1 (from April 5, 2025):

A general 10% ad valorem tariff on all imports.

Goods already in transit are exempt.

Summary of tariffs imposed on different countries
Country Tariffs Charged to the USA (%) U.S.A. Discounted Reciprocal Tariffs (%)
China
67
34
European Union
39
20
Vietnam
90
46
Taiwan
64
32
Japan
46
24
India
52
26
South Korea
50
25
Thailand
72
36
Switzerland
61
31
Indonesia
47
24
Malaysia
47
24
Cambodia
97
49
United Kingdom
10
10
South Africa
60
30
Brazil
10
10
Bangladesh
74
37
Singapore
10
10
Israel
33
17
Philippines
34
17
Chile
10
10
Australia
10
10
Pakistan
58
29
Turkey
10
10
Sri Lanka
88
44
Colombia
10
10

Stage 2 (from April 9, 2025):

Country-specific reciprocal tariffs (India: 27%).

Exemptions for goods with minimum 20% US-origin value.

Overrides WTO and bilateral trade commitments.

4. Sectoral Exemptions: Industries That Escaped the Tariff Impact

HS Chapter Category Reason for Exemption
27
Mineral fuels and oils
Critical energy security
28-29
Chemicals
Industrial and pharma inputs
30
Pharmaceuticals
Public health considerations
44
Wood and wood articles
Construction materials
74
Copper and related products
Industrial relevance
85
Semiconductors
Tech supply chain dependency

These exemptions offer significant relief to Indian Exporters in pharmaceutical, energy and electronics sectors.

5. India’s Export Exposure: Sector-wise Tariff Impact

Sector India’s Exports to US Previous Tariff New Tariff Assessment Summary
Pharmaceuticals
USD 8.73B
0%
0%
Largely unaffected; under exemption list.
Auto Components
USD 2.1B
2.5%
25%
Tariffs increased significantly; global competitiveness affected.
Passenger Cars and Light Trucks (8702, 8703, 8704)
USD 10M
2.5%
25%
India’s exports to the US are negligible, hence this sector is not in focus from the tariff perspective as of now.
Textiles & Apparel
USD 9.5B
6–9%
33–36%
Heavily impacted; price sensitivity may hurt US-bound exports.
Telecom Equipment
USD 6B
0%
27%
Cost increase could reduce margin; relatively better than peers.
Gems & Jewellery
USD 9.2B
5.5– 13.5%
32.5– 40.5 %
High-value exports impacted; competition with USMCA members.
Agriculture & Food
USD 5.5B
4-5%
31-32%
Sectoral pressure expected; strong competition from Americas.
Oil & Gas
USD 5.8B
5.2%
5.2%
No change; listed in exempt categories.

US trade deficits and surpluses

US trade deficits and surpluses

Transfer Pricing Overhaul: Responding to Tariffs, Risk, and Regulation

 
1.Transfer Pricing in Transition: Adapting to Global Tariff Pressures

The reintroduction of reciprocal tariffs by the United States—now at 27% for Indian

imports—has amplified the intersection of trade policy and transfer pricing.

These tariffs increase the landed cost of goods, affecting both related and unrelated party imports.

For multinational enterprises (MNEs), this introduces a new layer of complexity: existing TP models may no longer reflect commercial reality.

Higher costs absorbed by US importers or distributors without intercompany pricing adjustments can distort profitability and disrupt the arm’s length standard.

When intercompany agreements are static, but trade realities shift, the compliance and audit risks rise significantly.

2.Commercial Impact: Pricing Models at a Crossroads

As tariffs inflate COGS, tested party margins often fall below benchmark ranges. Common TP methods like TNMM or RPM become harder to defend when tariff-loaded costs are not mirrored in comparable data. Businesses must consider:

Revisiting intercompany pricing to reflect new cost realities.

Adjusting TP documentation to explain short-term margin fluctuations.

Assessing if functions and risks have shifted due to supply chain restructuring.

Additionally, changes in procurement strategies (e.g., shifting from import-heavy to local sourcing) and currency fluctuations further challenge comparability. For companies using multi-year data, the year-on-year impact of tariffs can create volatility in TP analysis.

Transfer Pricing Overhaul: Responding to Tariffs, Risk, and Regulation

 

3.The APA Landscape: Need for Revalidation

Advance Pricing Agreements (APAs), previously seen as instruments of certainty, now face renewed scrutiny. Key APA-related implications include:

Existing APAs: These may not account for sharp cost escalations due to tariffs. The critical assumptions underpinning them—such as market stability or cost structures—could be breached, calling for revision or renegotiation.

New APA Applications: Companies must factor in tariff-inclusive cost modeling. This includes adjustments to tested party profitability, selection of comparables, and setting realistic benchmarks.

Bilateral APAs (BAPAs): Especially for US-India transactions, BAPAs offer a coordinated approach between tax authorities. However, the negotiation process may become more complex due to divergent views on tariff impacts.

Rollback Requests: Tariff shifts may render rollback years incomparable unless the impact can be normalized and documented.

4.Growing Role of MAP in Dispute Resolution

As tax authorities reassess profitability outcomes influenced by trade policy, Mutual Agreement Procedures (MAP) will become an essential tool. Key considerations:

MAP may be invoked when unilateral adjustments by one tax authority (e.g., disallowing a TP loss) conflict with positions in the counterparty jurisdiction.

Double taxation is more likely in cases where US importers report lower profits due to tariffs but Indian exporters are expected to maintain fixed returns.

MAP discussions will need to include robust economic justifications and evidence that tariff-related margin erosion is commercially driven—not tax motivated.

Transfer Pricing Overhaul: Responding to Tariffs, Risk, and Regulation

 

5.Customs Valuation and TP: A Tightrope Walk

Tariff increases intensify the challenge of aligning customs valuation with transfer pricing:

Post-import price adjustments may be rejected by customs if seen as duty avoidance.

Discrepancies between customs filings and TP documentation heighten audit and penalty risks.

Closer coordination between tax and trade teams is critical to ensure consistency and mitigate risk.

6. Strategic Realignment in a Shifting Trade Landscape

With trade and tax rules evolving rapidly, transfer pricing must shift from static compliance to agile strategy. Key actions for MNEs include:

Reviewing intercompany agreements, tested party selection, and pricing models.

Updating FAR profiles to reflect revised supply chains and functional roles.

Considering APAs for prospective certainty and MAPs for existing disputes.

Strengthening documentation with tariff-aware benchmarking and scenario analyses.

Rising tariffs, regulatory scrutiny, and global risks are driving a shift in transfer pricing strategies. Multinationals must enhance transparency, align with value creation, and ensure compliance to manage risk and adapt to evolving global tax demands.

Conclusion:

Conclusion